Microbial iron reduction compensates for phosphorus limitation in paddy soils

authored by

Chaoqun Wang, Lukas Thielemann, Michaela A Dippold, Georg Guggenberger, Yakov Kuzyakov, Callum C Banfield, Tida Ge, Stephanie Guenther, Patrick Bork, Marcus A Horn, Maxim Dorodnikov

Abstract

Limitation of rice growth by low phosphorus (P) availability is a widespread problem in tropical and subtropical soils because of the high content of iron (Fe) (oxyhydr)oxides. Ferric iron-bound P (Fe(III)-P) can serve as a P source in paddies after Fe(III) reduction to Fe(II) and corresponding H2PO4- release. However, the relevance of reductive dissolution of Fe(III)-P for plant and microbial P uptake is still an open question. To quantify this, 32P-labeled ferrihydrite (30.8 mg P kg-1) was added to paddy soil mesocosms with rice to trace the P uptake by microorganisms and plants after Fe(III) reduction. Nearly 2% of 32P was recovered in rice plants, contributing 12% of the total P content in rice shoots and roots after 33 days. In contrast, 32P recovery in microbial biomass decreased from 0.5% to 0.08% of 32P between 10 and 33 days after rice transplantation. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dissolved organic C content decreased from day 10 to 33 by 8-54% and 68-77%, respectively, suggesting that the microbial-mediated Fe(III) reduction was C-limited. The much faster decrease of MBC in rooted (by 54%) vs. bulk soil (8-36%) reflects very fast microbial turnover in the rice rhizosphere (high C and oxygen inputs) resulting in the mineralization of the microbial necromass. In conclusion, Fe(III)-P can serve as small but a relevant P source for rice production and could partly compensate plant P demand. Therefore, the P fertilization strategies should consider the P mobilization from Fe (oxyhydr)oxides in flooded paddy soils during rice growth. An increase in C availability for microorganisms in the rhizosphere intensifies P mobilization, which is especially critical at early stages of rice growth.

Organisation(s)

Institute of Soil Science
Institute of Microbiology
Leibniz Research Centre FZ:GEO

External Organisation(s)

University of Göttingen
University of Tübingen
Ningbo University

Type

Article

Journal

Science of the Total Environment

Volume

837

ISSN

0048-9697

Publication date

01.09.2022

Publication status

Published

Peer reviewed

Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Pollution

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 15 - Life on Land

Electronic version(s)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155810 (Access: Closed)