Deep Learning in Energy Modeling

Application in Smart Buildings with Distributed Energy Generation

authored by

Seyed Azad Nabavi, Naser Hossein Motlagh, Martha Arbayani Zaidan, Alireza Aslani, Behnam Zakeri

Abstract

Buildings are responsible for 33% of final energy consumption, and 40% of direct and indirect CO2 emissions globally. While energy consumption is steadily rising globally, managing building energy utilization by on-site renewable energy generation can help responding to this demand. This paper proposes a deep learning method based on a discrete wavelet transformation and long short-term memory method (DWT-LSTM) and a scheduling framework for the integrated modelling and management of energy demand and supply for buildings. This method analyzes several factors including electricity price, uncertainty in climatic factors, availability of renewable energy sources (wind and solar), energy consumption patterns in buildings, and the non-linear relationships between these parameters on hourly, daily, weekly and monthly intervals. The method enables monitoring and controlling renewable energy generation, the share of energy imports from the grid, employment of saving strategy based on the user priority list, and energy storage management to minimize the reliance on the grid and electricity cost, especially during the peak hours. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can forecast building energy demand and energy supply with a high level of accuracy, showing a 3.63-8.57% error range in hourly data prediction for one month ahead. The combination of the deep learning forecasting, energy storage, and scheduling algorithm enables reducing annual energy import from the grid by 84%, which offers electricity cost savings by 87%. Finally, two smart active buildings configurations are financially analyzed for the next thirty years. Based on the results, the proposed smart building with solar Photo-Voltaic (PV), wind turbine, inverter, and 40.5 kWh energy storage has a financial breakeven point after 9 years with wind turbine and 8 years without it. This implies that implementing wind turbines in the proposed building is not financially beneficial.

External Organisation(s)

University of Tehran
University of Helsinki
Nanjing University
University of Calgary
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg

Type

Article

Journal

IEEE ACCESS

Volume

9

Pages

125439-125461

No. of pages

23

ISSN

2169-3536

Publication date

07.09.2021

Publication status

Published

Peer reviewed

Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Computer Science, General Materials Science, General Engineering

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy

Electronic version(s)

https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3110960 (Access: Open)