Frequency Restoration Control and Its Impact on Model Predictive Control of Island Power Systems

authored by: Lucas Reus, Marco Alferink, Kai Michels, Lutz Hofmann
Abstract: Advanced Energy Management Systems (EMSs) are proposed to achieve the economic and stable operation of low-inertia island power systems with high shares of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). However, fast power fluctuations severely affect the frequency dynamics, which are not addressed by the EMS. Thus, this paper presents the extension of a Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based EMS by a Frequency Restoration Control (FRC) that shifts the droop characteristic of a grid-forming Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to restore the frequency. The power system of Suðuroy, Faroe Islands, consisting of RES, synchronous machines and a grid-forming BESS, serves as a case study. Quasi-stationary simulations are used to investigate both the impact of the generation units’ droop controls and the FRC on the system stability and economics. The improved frequency behavior results in less deviations of the distributed energy resources from the optimal setpoints determined by the EMS. As a result, the economic performance is improved while ensuring a stable operation, highlighting the advantages of the MPC-based EMS with local FRC.
Organisation(s): Electric Power Engineering Section
External Organisation(s): University of Bremen
Type: Conference contribution
Publication date: 04.11.2024
Publication status: Published
Peer reviewed: Yes
ASJC Scopus subject areas: Artificial Intelligence, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Control and Optimization, Modelling and Simulation
Research Area (based on ÖFOS 2012): Electric power engineering
Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy
Electronic version(s): https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerCon60995.2024.10870546 (Access: Closed)