A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes

verfasst von

Elinor M. Lichtenberg, Christina M. Kennedy, Claire Kremen, Peter Batáry, Frank Berendse, Riccardo Bommarco, Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez, Luisa G. Carvalheiro, William E. Snyder, Neal M. Williams, Rachael Winfree, Björn K. Klatt, Sandra Åström, Faye Benjamin, Claire Brittain, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Yann Clough, Bryan Danforth, Tim Diekötter, Sanford D. Eigenbrode, Johan Ekroos, Elizabeth Elle, Breno M. Freitas, Yuki Fukuda, H.R. Gaines-Day, H. Grab, C. Gratton, A. Holzschuh, R. Isaacs, M. Isaia, S. Jha, D. Jonason, V.P. Jones, A.-M. Klein, J. Krauss, D.K. Letourneau, S. Macfadyen, R.E. Mallinger, E.A. Martin, E. Martinez, J. Memmott, L. Morandin, L. Neame, M. Otieno, M.G. Park, L. Pfiffner, M.J.O. Pocock, C. Ponce, S.G. Potts, K. Poveda

Abstract

Agricultural intensification is a leading cause of global biodiversity loss, which can reduce the provisioning of ecosystem services in managed ecosystems. Organic farming and plant diversification are farm management schemes that may mitigate potential ecological harm by increasing species richness and boosting related ecosystem services to agroecosystems. What remains unclear is the extent to which farm management schemes affect biodiversity components other than species richness, and whether impacts differ across spatial scales and landscape contexts. Using a global metadataset, we quantified the effects of organic farming and plant diversification on abundance, local diversity (communities within fields), and regional diversity (communities across fields) of arthropod pollinators, predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Both organic farming and higher in-field plant diversity enhanced arthropod abundance, particularly for rare taxa. This resulted in increased richness but decreased evenness. While these responses were stronger at local relative to regional scales, richness and abundance increased at both scales, and richness on farms embedded in complex relative to simple landscapes. Overall, both organic farming and in-field plant diversification exerted the strongest effects on pollinators and predators, suggesting these management schemes can facilitate ecosystem service providers without augmenting herbivore (pest) populations. Our results suggest that organic farming and plant diversification promote diverse arthropod metacommunities that may provide temporal and spatial stability of ecosystem service provisioning. Conserving diverse plant and arthropod communities in farming systems therefore requires sustainable practices that operate both within fields and across landscapes.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Institut für Geobotanik

Externe Organisation(en)

Washington State University Pullman
University of Arizona
The Nature Conservancy, Fort Collins
University of California (UCLA)
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Wageningen University and Research
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
University of Idaho
Universidade de Brasilia
Universidade de Lisboa
Rutgers University
Lund University
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)
University of California at Davis
Stanford University
Cornell University
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU)
Simon Fraser University
Universidade Federal do Ceara
University of Otago

Typ

Artikel

Journal

Global change biology

Band

23

Seiten

4946-4957

Anzahl der Seiten

12

ISSN

1354-1013

Publikationsdatum

05.10.2017

Publikationsstatus

Veröffentlicht

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Globaler Wandel, Umweltchemie, Ökologie, Allgemeine Umweltwissenschaft

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

SDG 2 – Kein Hunger

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13714 (Zugang: Unbekannt)