Heritage-led sustainable development of Indonesia’s villages

scenarios for village alliances in South Sumatera based on the concepts of heritage architecture and village monument.

verfasst von

Listen Prima

betreut von

Jörg Schröder

Abstract

The research examines the repositioning of peripheral villages in the framework of sustainable local development. For this, it evidences the current condition of villages facing complex challenges for their future. Nevertheless, villages in South Sumatera can rely on multiple heritage components, both material and immaterial heritage, which is actually considered as threatened. This condition relates to the significant development gap between larger cities and villages that are leading to a massive emigration of young people. Most of these young emigrants come from villages labelled as developing, and 86.02% of South Sumatera's 2,876 villages are categorised in this way (Statistics Indonesia of South Sumatera Province, 2017). These villages face challenges from an economic perspective, stagnant local development, and unbalanced demographic composition. An important factor to be examined is the planning and regulatory framework that appears ineffective due to a practice of the top-down approach. Hence, aiming at the use of specific local potential, an urgent need for an effective local development framework can be stated. This research aims to create a methodological scientific basis for local development for villages South Sumatera.
The research states that heritage can be an active factor to set an innovative framework of sustainable local development in peripheral areas. This hypothesis leads to three research questions. The first question aims at determining the capacities of heritage for local development through the analysis of potential. The second question aims at a model for local development, asking about the advantage of a strategic perspective of Village Alliances constructed with the scenario method. The third question aims at verifying its efficacy based on a set of indicators for sustainable local development. Conceptually, the research defines Heritage Architecture as a process within context and society, integrates the understanding of Village Monument as a comprehensive context, and connects groups of villages for an innovative framework of specific development.
The concept is formulated based on an inductive process that is started from the villages Lubuk Sepang and Bangke and then extended to the groups of adjoining villages; in parallel with a literature review and the analysis of reference cases of Indonesia and European areas. Both villages are to be considered as typical villages in South Sumatera regarding size, built and social structure, and the situation of development; they are located in peripheral areas and do not yet underlie strong touristic or urban/metropolitan influences, and most importantly they are characterised by specific heritage components. The research is constructed through fieldworks activities that are in multiple ways related to the construction of a theoretical framework that interrelates heritage, sustainable development, planning and design, and tourism.
The efficacy of the research concept is determined by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and fieldwork activities in three phases applied in the case study work: the analyses of potentials, the construction of scenarios, and the process of evaluation. The analyses of potentials categorise main potentials of heritage, with its relevance to other sectors, as the basis for generating scenarios. The construction of scenarios develops a systematic exploration and a zoom-out analysis of context towards prospective scenarios; they are elaborated with a storytelling method as a creative tool to define hidden assets and common values. A zoom-in vision: the Stakeholders Mapping, the Heritage Building Guide, a realisation cycle condensate the scenario process towards transversal strategies for village alliances. The elaborated process of evaluation assesses the village alliances as an innovative model based on a set of Sustainable Local Development Indicators in five aspects: cultural, social, economic, ecological, and spatial. The result of the research as a methodological scientific basis for heritage-led local development establishes new roles and concepts for architecture and planning. The presented concepts can carry local development for the future of the villages, especially for South Sumatera, also for other islands of Indonesia; and it contributes to global debates about the role of heritage in the peripheral and rural context.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Abteilung Regionales Bauen und Siedlungsplanung

Typ

Dissertation

Anzahl der Seiten

462

Publikationsdatum

2020

Publikationsstatus

Veröffentlicht

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Architektur

Fachgebiet (basierend auf ÖFOS 2012)

Städtebau

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

SDG 10 – Weniger Ungleichheiten

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.15488/9854 (Zugang: Offen)